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War

Examine the process of “destructive creation” — the idea that fear, rivalry and conflict strengthen community bonds while stimulating an arms race of technological progress. The result is civilization. Ancient Mesoamerica exemplifies this development.

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Trade

Examine the civilizing effect of trade.

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Cities

Investigate why cities were so integral to the rise of civilization.

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Religion

Learn why every successful civilization needs a narrative—a shared set of beliefs.

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